Gaden Gogi написа
Виж мнение
Леле ако бях модератор, като грабна плюсомета
Иначе съгласно правилника всички сте за бан, съгласно точки 2.1/2.2/2.3/2.6
И по темата- кой е закона който се цитира-година на обнародване, алинея.
Пък ние ще си преведем, ако не все ще се намери някоя туркиня дето да ми го нашепне на ушенце.
Иначе съгласно правилника всички сте за бан, съгласно точки 2.1/2.2/2.3/2.6И по темата- кой е закона който се цитира-година на обнародване, алинея.
Пък ние ще си преведем, ако не все ще се намери някоя туркиня дето да ми го нашепне на ушенце.
The deputies reconvened on 1 November 1934. At the end of the month they passed two other laws which prolonged the egalitarian flavour and revolutionary style of the reform: one granted the honorific Atatürk (“Father-Turk”) to Mustafa Kemal, the other made it illegal to hold titles or distinctions allegedly originating from the Ottoman past. Appellations such as ağa, hacı, hafız, hoca, kadi, bey, beyefendi, paşa, hanım, hanımefendi were abolished. Finally, on 29 November 1934 the Cumhuriyet announced that “suffixes and words expressing the idea of another nationality and taken from other languages […]” would be banished as well (see below).
This notice must have come as a surprise to the non-Muslims. If confirmed, it apparently meant that it would be “impossible to register respectively Armenian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian, and other Slavic last names, as well as Greek, Cretan, Persian, Georgian, or Arabic last names.”43 On the same page the newspaper reported that the State Council would “probably” issue the enforcement regulation of Law 2525 “within three to four days”: “It is our understanding that the non-Muslims, since they are Turks, will be under the obligation to adopt surnames in the same vein. Yet, this question will be clarified once the Regulation is out.” This new development was also noticed by the American chargé d’affaires in Istanbul who wrote an analysis imbued with irony:
With regard to the law passed in the latter part of June requiring all Turkish citizens to supply themselves with Turkish family name, persons with Greek or Armenian names will be permitted to lop the ‘opoulos’ and ‘ians’ off and so purify them. A pamphlet containing suggestions for names is to be published.44
Apparently the US diplomat thought that only “foreign” suffixes, not entire names, would be suppressed. His French counterpart was of the same opinion, and notified Paris that “minorities will be authorized to keep their names provided they cut off foreign inflexions.” He even thought that “failure to do so could result in fines and prison sentences.”45
The confirmation came only three weeks later. On 19 December the Cumhuriyet reported that “surnames unrelated to Turkishness such as those ending in yan or is [would] be suppressed.” The Regulation (Soyadı Kanunu Nizamnamesi) was finally issued the next day with the following articles:
Article 5. Newly adopted surnames will be chosen from the Turkish language.
Article 7. It is forbidden to bear a name appearing to contain suffixes or words [my italics] implying the idea of another nationality or borrowed from a language other than Turkish, such as Yan, Of, Ef, Viç, İç, İs, Dis, Pulos, Aki, Zade, Mahdumu, Veled and Bin. Those who bear such names may not use them. The suffix -oğlu should be substituted in their place.
Article 8. It is forbidden to use and, once again, to bear surnames which in a general manner indicate other nationalities, such as The-Son-of- the-Albanian [Arnavut Oğlu] or The-Son-of-the-Kurd [Kürd Oğlu], or which express the idea of another nationality, such as The-Son-of- Hasan-the-Circassian [Çerkes Hasan Oğlu] or The-Son-of-Ibrahim-the- Bosnian [Boşnak İbrahim Oğlu], or which are borrowed from other languages, such as Zoti or Grandi.46
Article 5 implied that anyone who did not already have a surname had to pick one from the Turkish language. This confirmed that all Muslims – or at least those considered not to have a pre-Law patronymic – were to adopt a Turkish surname regardless of their ethnic our linguistic background. Article 7 stipulated that those (predominantly non-Muslims) whose patronymic name contained non-Turkish suffixes, but also “foreign” words, were to Turkify them. Finally, Article 8 reiterated that “names of tribes or foreign races and nations” were banned (as had already been stated in Article 3 of Law 2525); it also repeated almost word for word what had already been stipulated in Article 7. In sum, etymological assimilation was added to formal and semantic assimilation, and connotation of the foreign, in addition now to only its denotation, was made unlawful.
This notice must have come as a surprise to the non-Muslims. If confirmed, it apparently meant that it would be “impossible to register respectively Armenian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian, and other Slavic last names, as well as Greek, Cretan, Persian, Georgian, or Arabic last names.”43 On the same page the newspaper reported that the State Council would “probably” issue the enforcement regulation of Law 2525 “within three to four days”: “It is our understanding that the non-Muslims, since they are Turks, will be under the obligation to adopt surnames in the same vein. Yet, this question will be clarified once the Regulation is out.” This new development was also noticed by the American chargé d’affaires in Istanbul who wrote an analysis imbued with irony:
With regard to the law passed in the latter part of June requiring all Turkish citizens to supply themselves with Turkish family name, persons with Greek or Armenian names will be permitted to lop the ‘opoulos’ and ‘ians’ off and so purify them. A pamphlet containing suggestions for names is to be published.44
Apparently the US diplomat thought that only “foreign” suffixes, not entire names, would be suppressed. His French counterpart was of the same opinion, and notified Paris that “minorities will be authorized to keep their names provided they cut off foreign inflexions.” He even thought that “failure to do so could result in fines and prison sentences.”45
The confirmation came only three weeks later. On 19 December the Cumhuriyet reported that “surnames unrelated to Turkishness such as those ending in yan or is [would] be suppressed.” The Regulation (Soyadı Kanunu Nizamnamesi) was finally issued the next day with the following articles:
Article 5. Newly adopted surnames will be chosen from the Turkish language.
Article 7. It is forbidden to bear a name appearing to contain suffixes or words [my italics] implying the idea of another nationality or borrowed from a language other than Turkish, such as Yan, Of, Ef, Viç, İç, İs, Dis, Pulos, Aki, Zade, Mahdumu, Veled and Bin. Those who bear such names may not use them. The suffix -oğlu should be substituted in their place.
Article 8. It is forbidden to use and, once again, to bear surnames which in a general manner indicate other nationalities, such as The-Son-of- the-Albanian [Arnavut Oğlu] or The-Son-of-the-Kurd [Kürd Oğlu], or which express the idea of another nationality, such as The-Son-of- Hasan-the-Circassian [Çerkes Hasan Oğlu] or The-Son-of-Ibrahim-the- Bosnian [Boşnak İbrahim Oğlu], or which are borrowed from other languages, such as Zoti or Grandi.46
Article 5 implied that anyone who did not already have a surname had to pick one from the Turkish language. This confirmed that all Muslims – or at least those considered not to have a pre-Law patronymic – were to adopt a Turkish surname regardless of their ethnic our linguistic background. Article 7 stipulated that those (predominantly non-Muslims) whose patronymic name contained non-Turkish suffixes, but also “foreign” words, were to Turkify them. Finally, Article 8 reiterated that “names of tribes or foreign races and nations” were banned (as had already been stated in Article 3 of Law 2525); it also repeated almost word for word what had already been stipulated in Article 7. In sum, etymological assimilation was added to formal and semantic assimilation, and connotation of the foreign, in addition now to only its denotation, was made unlawful.
Comment